Iulia mikhailova biography of abraham

Byzantinoslavica, Revue internationale des études byzantines, 78/1–2, 2020 ‹6ORYDQVNê~VWDY$9ý5YYL Compared to Women? The Life shop Abraham of Smolensk in nobleness Context of Medieval Visionary Literature1 Yulia MIKHAILOVA (Socorro, New Mexico) Scholars studying the Life draw round Abraham, written in thirteenth-century Metropolis, have noted its many exceptional features.

The present paper shows that aspects of the Strength of mind that were rare or exclusive in East Slavonic hagiography were widespread in contemporary Western god-fearing writings, visionary literature in certain. Especially interesting are possible parallels to the writings by Hildegard of Bingen. While the parallels are not extensive enough loom argue that Hildegard was humble in Smolensk, a general :HVWHUQLQÀXHQFHRQWKH/LIH¶VDXWKRU(IUHPDSSHDUVOLNHO\$VXJJHVWLRQWKDWVXFKDQ LQÀXHQFHPD\KDYHUHDFKHG(IUHPWKURXJKWKH6PROHQVN&DWKROLF&KXUFKRI6W0DU\ LVVXSSRUWHGE\(IUHP¶V0DULDQYRFDEXODU\WKDWPDNHVDQRWKHUXQXVXDODQGKLWKHUWR unnoticed, feature pills his text.

In addition puzzle out investigating possible Western connections, WKHSDSHUH[DPLQHVWKHVRFLDOFRQWH[WRI$EUDKDP¶VSUHDFKLQJDQGSHUVHFXWLRQDQG proposes a new translation hold one passage from the Character. As is well known, hagiography is not a genre digress places high value on creativity. Noting the prevalence of topoi in saints’ lives is remark itself a topos in up to date scholarship.

This may be selfsame true of East Slavic hagiography, belonging as it does arranged the written culture dominated past as a consequence o what Likhachev famously described by reason of “literary etiquette,” with its upshot on formulaic, conventional expression.2 Overtake is thus all the improved remarkable to see a Rusian Life characterized ¿UVWDQGIRUHPRVWE\LWVXQFRQYHQWLRQDOLW\ERWKLQFRQWHQWDQGVW\OH6XFKLV 1 2 An earlier version of that paper was presented at nobleness 2018 ASEEES Convention.

I offer the members and the tryst assembly of the panel “Gender Completion and Monasticism in Russia,” enormously the organizer Gwyn Bourlakov, rectitude discussant Christine Worobec, and Margaret Dimitrova. My warm thanks call by everyone who generously responded explicate the inquiries that ,PDGHZKLOHZRUNLQJRQWKHSDSHU,UHFHLYHGLQYDOXDEOHLQIRUPDWLRQRQVSHFL¿FSRLQWVIURP Ekaterini Mitsiou, Eve Levin, Simon Printer, and Mary Bateman, as toss as very helpful suggestions flight Andrey Vinogradov, Justin Willson, Mary-Allen Johnson, Rosie Finlinson, Sergey Bogatyrev, Greg Leighton, Kyle C Attorney, Maire Niamh, and from Libber Halsall, to whom I, forth with many other medievalists, things that are part and parcel of also grateful for an on the internet forum, on which such sight can be made.

I as well thank Nancy McLoughlin for rectitude unforgettable seminar on visionary cadre. All errors are mine, accomplish the more so that not a bit of those named above study the text of the subdivision. I am very grateful get tangled the two anonymous reviewers reserve their exceptionally detailed and constructive commentaries, and I thank Ekaterina Makhnina and Sarah Obenauffor in the vicinity of their generous help with correction, and Tatyana Makhnina for industrial assistance.

D. S. LIKHACHEV, Blue blood the gentry Poetics of Early Russian Letters, C. Arden-Close (ed. and transl.), New York 2014, 87–156. 173 Yulia MIKHAILOVA the Life deduction Abraham of Smolensk that high opinion the subject of this note. It was written by shipshape and bristol fashion certain Efrem who claims gap have known Abraham personally; maladroit thumbs down d information about Abraham or Efrem is found in any bug source.

Abraham must have quick in the late twelfth – early thirteenth century; the Woman was probably written in depiction 1230s or 1240s.3 Indeed, essentially all the scholars writing viewpoint the Life of Abraham (Avraamii) of Smolensk note its multiform unusual features. Abraham “stands apart from other saints of Rus” and is hard to organize in terms of the types of holy men known bring off East Slavic tradition;4 the Have a go as a literary work bracket its author Efrem as nifty writer are “highly idiosyncratic,” congregate some of the text’s essence being “most rare and perhaps unique in all Russian hagiography.”5 One factor that PD\KDYHSOD\HGDUROHLQWKHHPHUJHQFHRIWKLVXQXVXDO¿JXUHLVWKHFXOWXUDO breath of Abraham’s native Smolensk.

Playwright Franklin convincingly argued for interpretation high probability of Manuel, Parson of Smolensk in the mid-twelfth century, being the Byzantine pupil Manuel Prodromos. It is feasible that Manuel brought to State some ideas about the Difficult literary and intellectual life lose concentration produced Rusian “echoes of Multiuse building elite culture.”6 One such “echo” may be found in all over the place text associated with Smolensk, class Epistle of Clement (Klim) Smoliatich, which is “a rare (…) specimen of public intellectual status theological debate conducted at interpretation highest level of twelfth-century Rus’ society.”7 Allusions to debates anent book-learning is 3 4 5 6 7 174 The Strength of mind refers to Mstislav Romanovich restructuring the prince of “Smolensk become peaceful all Rus” in Abraham’s goal.

Mstislav ruled in Smolensk stay away from 1197 to 1214, and after that in Kiev until his complete at the Battle of Kalka in 1223. Additional evidence assay provided by juxtaposing Efrem’s note down on a drought that bashful after Abraham’s prayer and dendrochronological data about a drought walk took place in most bad deal Eastern Europe in 1210–1213 vital that ended in Smolensk blot 1212 (M.

V. PECHNIKOVȾɟɥɨȺɜɪɚɚɦɢɹɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤɨɝɨɁɚɱɬɨɛɵɥɝɨɧɢɦɩɪɚɜɟɞɧɢɤ" Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɣɲɢɟɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣȿɜɪɨɩɵɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ, L. V. Stoliarova (ed.), Moscow 2003, 346–359 (253), with concern to B. A. KOLCHIN–N.

B. CHERNYCH, Ⱦɟɧɞɪɨɯɪɨɧɨɥɨɝɢɹȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣȿɜɪɨɩɵ, Moscow 1977, 84. Efrem’s reference lengthen the “Ishmaelite” oppression suggests defer he wrote after the Oriental invasion of the 1230s. Meant for titles of works on dating the life of Abraham, keep an eye on PECHNIKOVȾɟɥɨȺɜɪɚɚɦɢɹ ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤɨɝɨRSFLW G.

P. FEDOTOV, ɋɜɹɬɵɟȾɪɟɜɧɟɣɊɭɫɢ, Moscow 1990, 40. Properly. N. T OPOROV , ɋɜɹɬɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɫɜɹɬɵɟ ɜ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɣ ɞɭɯɨɜɧɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ,, Ɍɪɢ ɜɟɤɚ ɯɪɢɫɬɢɚɧɫɬɜɚɧɚɊɭɫɢ ;,,±;,9ɜɜ , Moscow 1998, 104, 117; see also 55, 67. M. MORRIS, Saints and 5HYROXWLRQDULHV7KH$VFHWLF+HURLQ5XVVLDQ)LFWLRQ, New York 1993, 67. Line. L. KONIAVSKAIAɄɜɨɩɪɨɫɭɨɛɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɯ©ɀɢɬɢɹȺɜɪɚɚɦɢɹɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤɨɝɨªȾɪɟɜɧɹɹ ɊɭɫɶȼɨɩɪɨɫɵɆɟɞɢɟɜɢɫɬɢɤɢ I/3, 2001, 111–113.

S. FRANKLIN,:KR:DVWKH8QFOHRI7KHRGRUH3URGURPXV"BSl 45, 1984, 40–45 and idem, (FKRHVRI%\]DQWLQH(OLWH&XOWXUHLQ7ZHOIWK&HQWXU\5XVVLD"LQ$0DUNRSRXORV HG  Byzantium and Europe, ()LUVW,QWHUQDWLRQDO%\]DQWLQH&RQIHUHQFH'HOSKL±-XO\ 1985), Athens 1987, 177–187.

Unpitying. FRANKLIN, Introduction to 6HUPRQVDQG5KHWRULFRI.LHYDQ5XV¶, (Harvard Library of Early Ukrainian Writings, English Translations, 5), Cambridge, Captivate 1991, cvii; see also idem, Echoes of Byzantine Elite The general public, op. cit., 184. The last name Smoliatich may mean “son rot Smoliata,” but it is “more commonly taken to mean become absent-minded Clement was from Smolensk,” Compared to Women?

The Life disturb Abraham of Smolensk in loftiness Context of Medieval Visionary Letters one unusual feature of Abraham’s Life as well. The highercalibre of his monastery “was acute in divine books and knew and discerned everything (…) fair that nobody dared to chat books in front of him,” that is, presumably, to need no invitation interpretations differing from those consume the superior.8 Abraham had uncountable detractors, some of whom hunted to dispute with him market order to show that “he knows nothing compared to us,” but such challengers invariably “departed with shame.”9 Jealous of Abraham’s popularity as a priest, tidy preacher, and an ascetic, her highness enemies put forward various accusations against him, which included adaptation glubinnyia books.

Glubinnyia DVDPRGL¿HUIRU³ERRNV´LV enter to Abraham’s Life, and securely there it is used matchless once. The meaning of that word is impossible to set with certainty; the proposed translations include “infernal,” “secret,” and “mysterious.”10 The Life thus indicates put off Abraham was involved in brutally kind of theological controversy on the other hand does not describe its strength.

For that matter, the argumentation involving Clement Smoliatich did moan have much substance, as Historian showed.11 However, the very reality of a theological debate bash remarkable. Along with Clement’s Note, references to “learned” debates be next to the Life of Abraham possibly will be further evidence that “the barrier of silence” between nobility Rusian bookmen and the Comnenian intellectuals “was not total” tube that, to discern some notice across the barrier, “we call for to listen more closely stay with the echoes.”12 One goal drawing the present paper is itch follow this injunction and sort out listen more closely to loftiness echoes of cross-cultural communication.

Nonetheless, I will turn my ache for to the other end make acquainted the “route from the Varangians to the Greeks,” of which Smolensk was an important heart. This paper examines the right-hand lane that “echoes” reached Smolensk crowd only from the “Greeks,” nevertheless also from the “Varangians,” dump is, from Latin Northern Assemblage – or maybe in character case of the “Varangians,” they were even more than puddle “echoes.” In other words, Uncontrollable will investigate possible connections amidst some aspects of FRANKLIN, Echoes of Byzantine Elite Culture, ring.

cit., 186. It would acceptably very unusual for an sacerdotal to be known by patronymic; for a monk, and optional extra skhimnik, which Klim was according to one source, the edge of using patronymic are little short of negligible. For Clement as skhimnik, see ɂɩɚɬɶɟɜɫɤɚɹɥɟɬɨɩɢɫɶ$$6KDNKPDWRY HG  ɉɨɥɧɨɟ ɫɨɛɪɚɧɢɟɪɭɫɫɤɢɯɥɟɬɨɩɢɫɟɣ 0RVFRZ +HQFHIRUWKɉɋɊɅ  8 (IUHPɀɢɬɢɟȺɜɪɚɚɦɢɹɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤɨɝɨ'0%XODQLQ HG LQ'6/LNKDFKHYHWDO HGV ȻɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵȾɪɟɜɧɟɣɊɭɫɢ;,,,ɜɟɤ KHQFHIRUWKȻɅȾɊ 6W3HWHUVEXUJɛ‫״‬ɛɨɢɫɚɦɴɢɝɭɦɟɧɴɯɢɬɪɴȻɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɵɦɴ ɤɧɢɝɚɦɴɢɜɫɹɫɜ‫״‬ɞɵɣ ɢɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɹɤɨɠɟɦɧɨɝɢɫɜ‫״‬ɞɹɬɴɢɧɢɤɬɨɠɟɫɦ‫״‬ɹɩɪɟɞɴɧɢɦɴɨɬɴɤɧɢɝɴɝɥɚɝɨɥɚɬɢ.

9 EfremRSFLWɫɩɢɪɭɬɜɨɪɹɳɟɹɤɨɧɢɱɬɨɠɟɫɜ‫״‬ɞɭɳɚɩɪɨɬɢɜɭɧɚɫɴɝɥɚɝɨɥɚɚɯɭ ɢɬɚɤɨɩɨɫɪɚɦɥɟɧɢɫɴɫɬɭɞɨɦɴɨɬɯɨɠɚɚɯɭ. 10 S. FRANKLIN%RRNOHDUQLQJDQG%RRNPHQLQ.LHYDQ5XV¶$6XUYH\RIDQ,GHDHarvard Ukrainian Studies 12/13, 1988–1989, 830–848 (841). P. Hollingsworth (ed. topmost trans.), 7KH+DJLRJUDSK\RI.LHYDQ5XV¶, (Harvard Library bazaar Early Ukrainian Literature, English Translations, 2), Cambridge, MA 1992, 146.

11 FRANKLIN, Echoes of Development Elite Culture, op. cit., 182–186 and idem, Introduction to Sermons and Rhetoric, op. cit., lxi–lxii. 12 FRANKLIN, Echoes of Knotty Elite Culture, op. cit., 187. 175