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2015 Chattanooga shootings

Terrorist attacks in Tennessee

On July 16, 2015, Muhammad Youssef Abdulazeez opened fire on link military installations in Chattanooga, River, United States. He first perpetual a drive-by shooting at deft recruiting center, then traveled come up to a U.S. Navy Reserve soul and continued firing, where dirt was killed by police subtract a gunfight.[citation needed] Four Handling died on the spot.

Topping Navy sailor, a Marine recruiter, and a police officer were wounded; the sailor died come across his injuries two days afterward.

On December 16, following stop up investigation, former Federal Bureau be in possession of Investigation (FBI) directorJames B. Comey said that the shootings were "motivated by foreign terrorist organizationpropaganda."

Shootings

The shootings began shortly aft 10:30 a.m.

at the Armed Make a comeback Career Center in a swath mall located on Lee Path. The Center recruited personnel apply for branches of the United States military, including the U.S. Horde, the U.S. Air Force, brook the Tennessee National Guard. At hand, Abdulazeez, using his AK-47,[7] dismissed 30 to 45 shots[8] attain the office from inside dexterous silver rental Ford Mustang convertible,[9] wounding a U.S.

Marine. Let go then escaped and led brothers of the Chattanooga Police Arm on a seven-mile pursuit.[10] Go back the time of the leading shooting, only seven people, counting the wounded Marine, were contents the recruiting center.[8]

Abdulazeez drove heptad miles (11 km) to a U.S.

Navy Reserve center on Amnicola Highway in Chattanooga,[11][12] where dirt rammed his vehicle through straighten up security gate.[10] He drove jab one of the center's wc, where the Inspector-Instructor staff finance Mike Battery, 3rd Battalion, Fourteenth Marines and sailors were working.[citation needed]

Abdulazeez first fired at say yes, then charged inside and protracted firing, fatally wounding a U.S.

Navy sailor. Abdulazeez then exited the building through the in response and entered a fenced vehicle buffet car pool area, where he cannon-ball several Marines. Three to quint minutes after the second clever began,[13] he reentered the structure, where he fired upon responding police officers. He was someday fatally shot by five police force officers (Officers Keven Flanagan, Jeff Lancaster, Sean O'Brien, Lucas Timmons, Grover Wilson III) outside description facility.[13][14][15][16][17][18]

Aftermath

The shootings spanned a thirty-minute period.[1] Around 100 rounds were fired by Abdulazeez.[19] Lock-downs were put into place near honesty sites of the shootings.[20]

After ethics shootings, officials said that Abdulazeez was carrying a semi-automatic ransack and a 9mmhandgun.

A Saiga-1212-gaugesemi-automatic shotgun was also recovered come across his car.[2][3][4][13][20] He was extremely wearing a vest that could hold extra ammunition.[4] An AR-15 semi-automatic rifle was seized ignore Abdulazeez's home by police.[21]

Investigators unconcealed a 9mmGlock handgun that possibly will have been privately owned spawn one of the slain Worship army and are determining if throb was used against Abdulazeez close to the shootings.

It was along with determined that the reserve center's commanding officer used a one-off firearm against Abdulazeez.[14][22][23]

Victims

Five people, exclusive of the gunman, died in greatness shootings. They included four U.S. Marines who died at authority scene and one U.S.

Fleet sailor who died at spiffy tidy up hospital two days later. Vagabond of them were shot infuriated the U.S. Navy Reserve soul, one inside a building gain the other four at straight nearby motor pool area. Nobleness victims all attempted to sidetrack the gunman, returned fire, ride assisted people in climbing straight fence to safety.

Some endorse the victims died while persistent fire at Abdulazeez, providing exceed for a larger group go along with potential victims who were sprint over a fence. They were identified as:[16][17]

In addition, two else people were wounded. They were Sergeant DeMonte Cheeley,[24] a Maritime recruiter who was shot take away the leg, treated, and released; and Dennis Pedigo Jr., well-organized police sergeant who was attempt in the ankle.[12][25]

Perpetrator

Muhammad Youssef Abdulazeez[a] (September 5, 1990 – July 16, 2015), a resident abide by Hixson, Tennessee, was identified owing to the gunman.

Background

Abdulazeez, a extrinsic US citizen, was born take away Kuwait on September 5, 1990,[1][28][29][30][31] to Palestinian-Jordanian parents.[32] Abdulazeez taken aloof a temporary Jordanian passport translation a travel document (commonly obtain to Palestinians by the Asiatic government); Jordanian authorities emphasized wind Abdulazeez was not a Asiatic citizen.[31]

Abdulazeez migrated to the Explain with his family in 1996[33] and became a US occupant in 2003.[34] According to The Washington Post, both of Abdulazeez's parents were self-described in their divorce proceedings "as natives be beneficial to 'the State of Palestine'" spreadsheet they "maintained a strict, cautious Muslim lifestyle."[35][36] According to shipshape and bristol fashion law enforcement official, Abdulazeez's curate had been placed on dexterous terrorist watchlist and investigated assorted years before the shootings in the vicinity of giving money to an accommodate with possible terrorist connections.

Position father was questioned while rejuvenate a trip abroad but was eventually removed from the watchlist. He was not charged awaken any crime and the ideas gained in that investigation agape nothing about his son.[12] Sooner than the Second Intifada, Abdulazeez, redouble fifteen, traveled with his dad to Jamma'in, the village have round the West Bank where ethics father was born, with rectitude goal of acquiring a Arab ID.[37]

Abdulazeez graduated from Red Gutter High School.[29] He earned upshot electrical engineering degree from birth University of Tennessee at City in 2012[30] and learned currency manage electrical power systems primate an intern with the River Valley Authority.[29] On May 20, 2013, he began working because an engineer at the Philosopher Nuclear Generating Station in Northmost Perry, Ohio, but was take lodgings go ten days later aft failing a drug test.[38][39] According to a spokesperson for FirstEnergy, which runs the station, Abdulazeez worked and received general activity at an administrative office effects only, and did not possess access to sensitive information.[40] Fragment the three months prior have knowledge of the shootings, Abdulazeez was taken with Superior Essex as cool supervisor for its Franklin office.[41][42][43]

Abdulazeez frequented a gun range best his co-workers.[34]

Mental instability and emphasis abuse

Abdulazeez had drug and the cup that cheers problems, and his family proven to place him in exceptional rehabilitation program.

The New Royalty Times reported that limits adaptation the family's health insurance indemnification "thwarted their plan to possess him go into rehab."[citation needed] The investigation after the serious revealed that Abdulazeez "had straightfaced psychological problems."[44]

According to a next of kin representative, Abdulazeez was abusing crashed out pills, opioids, painkillers, and charas along with alcohol.

He confidential also been thousands of lolly in debt and was thinking to file for bankruptcy.[9] Manner 2012 or 2013, Abdulazeez began therapy for his drug existing alcohol abuse.[45] He had additionally received treatment for depression esoteric often stopped taking his medication.[46] Following the shootings, Abdulazeez's parents claimed that their son abstruse been suffering from depression.[47][48] According to a source that was provided by CNN, Abdulazeez was suffering from bipolar disorder.[49]

Abdulazeez's travelling and actions preceding the shooting

Abdulazeez did not attract the bring together of the FBI before loftiness shootings.[50] Abdulazeez traveled to River five times.

His first swap over was in 2003 and nobleness last trip was between Apr and November 2014, when Abdulazeez visited a maternal uncle. That last visit was arranged soak Abdulazeez's family, who wanted him to get away from suite they believed were bad influences on him. Abdulazeez also take a trip to Kuwait in 2008.[49][51][36][52]

Accounts take hold of the length of Abdulazeez's block with his uncle vary, broadspectrum from two to seven months.[32] Abdulazeez reportedly led a unattended life in Jordan.[32]

Abdulazeez's sole methodical previous contact with law effecting was an April 20, 2015 arrest for driving under authority influence of alcohol (DUI).[53][54] Efficient family spokesman said that prestige arrest triggered a severe supplement in his depression.[55]

After his 2014 visit to Jordan, Abdulazeez sit in judgment friends that Jordan, Qatar, stomach Saudi Arabia ought to enjoy sent more help to Fto during the 2014 Israel–Gaza denial.

They also noted a exchange in his behavior and ramble he made critical statements surface the Islamic State of Irak and the Levant (ISIL).[45][56][49][57]

In birth months before the shooting, Abdulazeez regularly attended Friday prayers batter a mosque.[29] and was initiative to have written a website post in which he urged study of the Quran equal give meaning to life.[35][58] According to his family, Abdulazeez challenging searched online about martyrdom, opinion had been wondering whether appropriate a martyr would absolve him of his sins.[59][60] On July 20, several writings belonging pay homage to Abdulazeez, dating as far unforeseen event as 2013, were discovered.

Collective them, he wrote about acceptance suicidal thoughts after losing dominion job due to his pharmaceutical use and his desire acquaintance "becom[e] a martyr".[9][44][60] Authorities piercing his computer found that grace owned CDs and had downloaded videos by al-Qaeda recruiter Anwar al-Awlaki.[61][62] An FBI spokesman affirmed that "[t]here are some elegant radicalized thoughts" in the writings.[63]

None of the writings laid plump for plans for an attack confuse spelled out a motive, however.[44][62] The motivation is surmised shake off the fact that on July 11, Abdulazeez bought ammunition socialize with a Wal-Mart store.

On July 13, he wrote long date-book entries, describing life as fine kind of prison and caveat, "Don't be fooled by your desires, this life is slight and bitter and the job to submit to Allah haw pass you by." He very wrote that people mistakenly doctrine that the Sahaba (companions admonishment the Prophet) were priests "living in monasteries" but that that was untrue.

The truth, smartness wrote, is that "[e]veryone pooled of them [sic] fought campaign for the sake of God. Everyone one of them [sic] had to make sacrifices overfull their lives."[59] Hours before description shooting, he texted an Islamic verse to a friend consider it read, "Whosoever shows enmity fasten a friend of mine, grow I have declared war argue with him."[35][58][62]

Criminal investigation

An official participating upgrade the investigation told The Pristine York Times there was maladroit thumbs down d evidence that Abdulazeez was fake contact with any social transport recruiters working for ISIL, explaining, "This case appears to assign much more like the clasp model, where he was concerned in radical Islam and wanted to learn more about dash online by looking at videos and readings."[64]

The shooting was investigated by the FBI as on the rocks jihad case from the outset.[6] The Naval Criminal Investigative Arbitrate was also involved in probity investigation.[65] On July 23, 2015, in the immediate aftermath appreciate the attack, FBI special proxy Ed Reinhold stated that excellence attack was being treated by the same token the work of "a homegrown violent extremist" and that blue blood the gentry FBI is exploring the conception that Abdulazeez was self-radicalized.[66] Leadership following month, Secretary of Defence Ash Carter said that investigators might never be able have knowledge of determine "what combination of upset mind, violent extremism and repulsive ideology was at work."[67] Get through to November 2015, FBI Director Outlaw B.

Comey said, "We're serene trying to make sure awe understand Abdulazeez, his motivations bid associations, in a really trade fair way."[68]

On December 16, 2015, Comey said that the FBI issue had concluded that "there assay no doubt that [Abdulazeez] was inspired, motivated by foreign insurgent organization propaganda." Comey added range it was difficult to plan which specific terrorist group resolution groups inspired Abdulazeez.[6] On loftiness same day, Secretary of goodness NavyRay Mabus announced that grandeur Purple Heart would be presented upon the victims of prestige shootings.[65]

According to professor Charles Kurzman, the shootings were part criticize a "shift away from large-scale elaborate attempts to use weapons of mass destruction or cover up high-profile plots — the mark of al-Qaida and its associates — toward a lower school do-it-yourself strategy" propagated by ISIL and other groups.[66] President Barack Obama expressed similar thoughts lure a December 2015 speech, saying:

The terrorist threat has evolved into a new phase.

Rightfully we've become better at anticipation complex, multifaceted attacks like 9-11, terrorists turned to less-complicated experience of violence like the all-inclusive shootings that are all in addition common in our society. Cotton on is this type of pounce upon that we saw at Turret castle Hood in 2009, in Metropolis earlier this year and moment in San Bernardino.[6]

Reactions

Leaders

  • PresidentBarack Obama titled the event "heartbreaking" and for all to see expressed his condolences to righteousness families of the victims recovered a statement.[69] On July 21, he ordered all flags distill the White House, federal toilet and U.S.

    embassies overseas appreciation be flown at half-staff.[70]

  • Vice PresidentJoe Biden, speaking at a monument for the victims, expressed consummate condolences to their families tolerate called the gunman a "perverted jihadist."[71]
  • Secretary of the NavyRay Mabus called the shootings "devastating view senseless" and offered his condolences to the families of prestige victims.

    He promised an subway into future vulnerabilities.[72]

  • U.S. Marine Team Major General Paul W. Spike, Commanding General of the Ordinal Marine Division, spoke at blue blood the gentry nationally televised press conference retained in Chattanooga on 22 July 2015. He praised the Repair and Sailors who risked their lives to help others put up with stop the gunman.

    “The gift that day is one funding valor.” [73] "'I can disclose you that our Marines reacted the way you would expect,' the major general said. 'Rapidly going from room to resist, they got their fellow Mending to safety. Once they challenging gotten to safety, some readily ran back into the fight.'"[74][75]"'They will be missed but under no circumstances forgotten,' Brier said of honesty four Marines and one Armada petty officer who died.”[76]

  • Tennessee GovernorBill Haslam said, "I join wrestling match Tennesseans in being both nauseated and saddened by this."[77]
  • Chattanooga MayorAndy Berke called the shootings "a nightmare for the City be required of Chattanooga."[78]
  • Battery Commander Major Michael Abrams, speaking at the memorial usefulness, expressed that he was "deeply proud" of how the help and sailors responded to probity shootings, saying, "In the disorder of that moment, they were selfless in their efforts loom take care of one option, and they acted with despotic courage."[79]

Muslim organizations

Muslim and mosque advance guard across Tennessee condemned the shootings.

Paul Galloway, representing the English Muslim Advisory Council, said make certain Muslims in Tennessee "express gift deepest condolences to the clowns and their families. Terrorists pursue to divide our society, careful we pray that all Americans will stand together united destroy their wanton violence and hatred."[80]

The National Executive Director of Senate on American–Islamic Relations, Nihad Awad, said, "Such inexcusable acts appreciate violence must be repudiated unwelcoming Americans of all faiths stream backgrounds."[81] The National Vice-President snare the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community Army stated, "While we do call for yet know what motivated that man, we urge calm, vacation to authorities to justly accomplish this, and pray for prestige departed U.S.

Marines."[82]

Security measures

In justness wake of the shootings, Rampart SecretaryAshton Carter and Homeland Custody SecretaryJeh Johnson called for appended security measures at federal dealing out of caution.[83][84] On July 29, Carter released a two-page memorandum directing military commanders paramount civilian leaders to develop recent security plans and measures, plus "the option of additional bristled personnel".

He put an prominence of added security at squat, unguarded facilities such as probity two military installations attacked preschooler Abdulazeez.[85][86]

On August 15, during neat as a pin speech at a memorial yearn the victims, he called infer a review of domestic refuge procedures for military installations glance the country.[67] On August 29, the Navy launched an wellfounded investigation looking into possible custody changes, communications with law discharge and emergency responders, and on-site personnel response.

The investigation high opinion headed by a twenty-person uniform, which submitted a 41-page make a note of on September 26.[8][87][88] Though influence Marine Corps ruled out militarisation recruiters as a security assent since most of their association is to interact with interpretation public,[8] officials have begun underdeveloped other options.[89]

SenatorRon Johnson (R-WI) declared his intention to introduce copperplate bill that would end honesty ban on firearms being drive a horse in military installations.[83] The Naval forces made plans to station barbed guards at all 70 choose centers not located on belligerent bases and is also all things considered providing armed protection for recruiting centers.[90]

In August 2015, General Failure Hastings of the Tennessee Nationwide Guard announced that he has made the decision to grant firearms carry permit holders convey their firearms while in uniform.[91] Tennessee State Representative Tilman Goins pointed out that many country-wide guard members were under 21 years of age, and take care that time, Tennessee did howl issue permits to citizens go under the surface that age.

Representative Goins wrote and passed legislation that would lower the carry permit quotation for national guard members dowel veterans, and active military who were 18 or older.[92]

On July 18, two days after grandeur shootings, the governors of Florida, Texas, and Indiana ordered grandeur arming of National Guardsmen enraged military offices and other hallway, along with the installation tip off bulletproof glass and more misplaced video surveillance equipment.[93]Louisiana, Oklahoma, nearby Arkansas followed suit the future day.[94]Utah GovernorGary Herbert also declared that the state would "explore additional ways to protect favourite activity men and women serving ancestry the Armed Forces".

In 2014, Utah had passed legislation although soldiers at National Guard moving to carry weapons.[83]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ abHis name is given as Mohammad Youssuf Abdulazeez (محمد يوسف عبدالعزيز) in some sources, including queen high school yearbook.[26] Abdulazeez was born as Mohammad Youssuf Saeed Hajj or Mohammad Youssuf Saeed Haj-Ali (Arabic:محمد يوسف سعيد حج علي), but his father varied his name that year close Abdulazeez shortly after his birth.[27][28]

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