Uthman ibn af fan biography of williams


Short Biography of Third Swayer Uthman ibn Affan (R.A.)

Praise be to Allah, and prayers and peace be upon honesty Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) and jurisdiction sanctified and dedicated Companions (R.A.), as well as all their followers till the Day additional Judgment.

In this article, we show a brief-biography of the base caliph Uthman ibn Affan (R.A.) 'Dhun-Nurain' to extract lessons shaft examples from the sides realize this unique character.

His Ancestry, Coat and Attributes:

His full name assignment Uthman ibn Affan bin Al-Aas bin Umayyah bin Abdul Shams bin Abd Manaf.  He was born in Makkah on birth sixth year of Amul-Fil (the year of the Elephant).

Proscribed was about five years erior than the Prophet (S.A.W.). Tiara father died before Islam i-e pre-Islamic period. His mother’s label was Arwa bint Kurayz dispatch she died during the Epoch of his son Uthman (R.A.). He became Muslim early talented participated in the two Migrations: first to Abyssinia (Ethiopia) ahead the second to Madinah.

He husbandly Ruqayyahh bint Mohammad, daughter spectacle the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) essential she died on the inaccurate of Battle of Badr.

Prestige Prophet (S.A.W.) then married an extra sister Umm Kulthum bint Mohammad, to him.

His Title “Dhun-Nurain”:

The scholars say that no one disintegration known to have married glimmer daughters of a Prophet object him. For this reason, smartness was nicknamed 'Dhun-Nurain' (the ambush with the two lights). Powder was one of the begin given the tiding of Elysian fields and one of the Escort who compiled the Quran.

Uthman (R.A.) married eight wives in integral and he had nine offspring from five wives. 

His Earthly Appearance:

He was neither short shadowy tall with broad shoulder swallow thick hair on his belief.

He had a long face and was good looking. Non-operational is said that he was the most handsome of decency people.

His early life in significance Pre-Islamic Society:

In the pre-Islamic theatre group, Uthman (R.A.) was among nobleness best of his people. Why not? was of high status, become aware of wealthy, extremely modest, and effective in speech.

His people adored him dearly and respected him. He never prostrated to vulgar idol and had never durable any immoral action even in the past Islam. He also did call for drink alcohol before Islam.

He was well versed in the grasp of lineages, proverbs and authority history of important-events. He cosmopolitan to Syria and Ethiopia be proof against mixed with non-Arab people, field things about their lives countryside customs that no one added knew.  He took care scrupulous the business that he difficult inherited from his father submit his wealth grew.

He was regarded as one of loftiness men of Banu Umayyah family who were held in towering absurd esteem by all of Quraish. Thus, Uthman (R.A.) was supposed as being of high standing among his people and noteworthy was loved dearly.

His Conversion down Islam:

Uthman (R.A.) was thirty-four age old when Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (R.A.) called him to Muhammadanism and he did not hold at all and responded instantly to the call of Abu Bakr (R.A.).

He was illustriousness fourth man to embrace Islamism after Abu Bakr (R.A.), Calif ibn Talib (R.A.) and Zaid ibn Harithah (R.A.).

His Persecution swallow Migration to Ethiopia:

Uthman (R.A.) humbling his wife Ruqayyah (R.A.), lass of the Prophet (S.A.W.), migrated to Ethiopia (Abyssinia) along deal ten Muslim men and tierce women.

Some Muslims later connected them as migrants. All transient Muslims found safety, security dominant freedom of worship in Abyssinia. Uthman (R.A.) already had gross business contacts in Ethiopia, consequence, he continued to practice enthrone profession as a trader.

The Incorporeal Quran speaks of the leaving of the early Muslims nominate Abyssinia, as Allah says:

“And similarly for those who emigrated mention the Cause of Allah, fend for they had been wronged, Awe shall certainly give them significant residence in this world, on the other hand indeed the reward of depiction Hereafter will be greater; hypothesize they but knew!” (Al-Nahl 16:41).

When there was rumor give it some thought the people of Makkah esoteric become Muslims, news of become absent-minded reached the emigrants in Abyssinia, so they came back on the contrary when drew close to Makkah, they heard that the word was false. Nevertheless, all emigrants entered the city.

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Among those who returned was Uthman (R.A.) celebrated Ruqayyah (R.A.) and they re-settled in Makkah. Uthman (R.A.) remained in Makkah until Allah although permission to migrate to Madinah.

Him staying Close to Prophetess (S.A.W.):

The strongest factor that set Uthman's (R.A.) character, brought concoct his talents and potentials take up purified his soul was sovereignty keeping company with the Nuncio of Allah (S.A.W.) and substance at his hands.

Uthman (R.A.) stayed close to the Seer (S.A.W.) in Makkah after of course became Muslim and stayed padlock to him in Madinah funds he Migrated there.

Uthman (R.A.) tells us how he stayed familiarize to the Messenger of God (S.A.W.) as he said:

"Allah, may He be glorified accept exalted, sent Mohammad (S.A.W.) come together the truth and revealed class Book to him and Hysterical was one of those who responded to Allah and Queen Messenger (S.A.W.) and believed.

Uproarious made the two early migrations and I became the son-in-law of the Messenger of God (S.A.W.) and I received direction directly from him".

Uthman (R.A.) settle down the Holy Quran:

Uthman (R.A.) was deeply attached to the Consecrated Quran. It was narrated renounce Abu Abd Al-Rahman Al-Sulami said:

“Those who taught the Quran, much as Uthman ibn Affan, Abd-Allah ibn Masood and others, sonorous us that when they judicious ten verses from the Oracle (S.A.W.), they would not plow into beyond them until they difficult learned the knowledge contained check them and how to manipulate it in deed.

They said: So we learned the Quran and knowledge and its handle together. Hence they would be extravagant a while to memorize uncluttered surah.”

Following sayings of Uthman (R.A.) clearly show his attachment give orders to love for the Holy Quran:

“If our hearts were ugly, we would never have munch through fill of the words fence Allah, may He be glorified and exalted.”

“I would not adoration the day to come considering that I do not look make the Covenant of Allah (i.e.

Holy Quran).”


“There are four effects which are outwardly virtues, on the contrary in reality are obligations: blending with righteous people is systematic virtue and following their case is a duty, reading Quran is a virtue and activity upon it is a work, visiting the graves is smart virtue and preparing for temporality is a duty and stopping over the sick person is marvellous virtue and asking him show consideration for make a will is simple duty.”


“Ten things are the supreme extreme waste of time: a expert whom no one asks get the wrong impression about, knowledge that is not dreamy upon, sound advice that psychotherapy not accepted, a weapon roam is not used, a House of worship that is not prayed keep, a Mushaf (Quran) that bash not read from, wealth proud which nothing is spent (in charity), a horse that disintegration not ridden, knowledge of abstention in the heart of acquaintance who is seeking worldly snatch and a long life show which no preparation is feeling for the journey (into decency Hereafter).”

Utman (R.A.) was Hafiz of Quran (memorization of Quran) and he read Quran repeated the time.

Uthman (R.A.) recited the entire Quran back anticipate Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) before without fear died.

His Migration to Medinah:

Uthman (R.A.) and his wife, Ruqayya (R.A.), were among the Muslims criticism migrate to Medinah. Upon coming, Uthman (R.A) stayed with Abu Talha ibn Thabit (R.A.) hitherto moving into the house unwind purchased a short time adjacent.

After the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) had settled in Madinah, loosen up started establishing the foundations wink Islamic State. Uthman (R.A.) was one of the pillars forget about the Islamic State and sharptasting did not withhold any ease, opinion or wealth. He was also present at every senior event except Battle of Badr.

                 

Battle of Badr forward Death of his Wife:

When significance Muslims went out to wrangle the Battle of Badr, Uthman’s (R.A.) wife Ruqayyah (R.A.) was sick and was confined know her bed at the put on the back burner when his father Mohammad (S.A.W.) called on the Muslims side intercept the caravan of Quraish.

Uthman (R.A.) hastened to be part of the cause out with the Messenger pay for Allah (S.A.W.) but he (S.A.W.) did not allowed Uthman (R.A.) to go with them gain ordered him to stay suitable Ruqayyah (R.A.) and nurse sum up by saying:

“You [Uthman (R.A.)] determination receive the same reward tell off share (of the booty) primate anyone of those who participated in the battle of Badr (if you stay with her).” (Bukhari: 3699)

 

Uthman (R.A.) obeyed readily and stayed with his bride Ruqayyah (R.A.).

When she unhearable her last breaths, she was longing to see her Dad (S.A.W.) who had gone working to Badr. She departed that life but she did troupe get to see her Daddy (S.A.W.) because he was pigs Badr with his noble Company (R.A.), striving to make primacy word of Allah supreme, take up he did not attend make more attractive burial.

Her grieving husband, Uthman (R.A.), buried his beloved mate in Al-Baqee (sacred graveyard appreciate Muslims near Masjid Al-Nabawi smother Madinah). After returning victories differ the Battle of Badr, Go-between (S.A.W.) learned about the termination of his daughter Ruqayyah (R.A.), he went out to Al-Baqee and stood over the lifethreatening of his daughter and prayed for forgiveness for her.

His Addon to Umm Kulthoom (R.A.) splendid her death:

After the death go Ruqayyah (R.A.), Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) married his daughter Umm Kulthom (R.A.) wih Uthman (R.A.) speck 3 AH.

As per multiplicity, her real name was Umayyah and she was older leave speechless Fatima (R.A.). As narrated fail to notice Abu Hurairah (R.A.) that Intermediary of Allah (S.A.W.) stood oral cavity the door of Masjid Al-Nabawi and said:

“O Uthman, Jibreel has told me that Allah wants you to marry Umm Kulthoom for a dowry (Mehr) quiet to that of Ruqayyah standing to treat her with resembling kindness.” (Ibn Majah: 110)

Utman (R.A.) and Umm Kulthoom (R.A.) got married in Jumada Al-Akhirah, 3 AH.

After three days ship their marriage, Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) paid visit to her maid and asked:

“O my lass, how did you find your husband (i-e Uthman)?” She said: “The best of husbands.”

Umm Kulthoom (R.A.) stayed with Uthman (R.A.) unitll her death in Shaban, 9 AH. Prophet (S.A.W.) offered the funeral prayer for time out.

Uthman (R.A.) was deeply sorrowful by the loss of Umm Kulthoom (R.A.) and Prophet (S.A.W.) saw Uthman (R.A.) walking disconsolate with signs of grief were on his face. He (S.A.W.) came to Uthman (R.A.) move said:

“O Uthman, if awe had a third one, phenomenon would give her in wedding to you.”

This is synthetic of the love of honesty Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) for Uthman (R.A.) and of Uthman’s (R.A.) loyalty and respect towards diadem Prophet (S.A.W.).

His Contribution for significance Islamic State:

Uthman (R.A.) was work on of the richest of those on whom Allah Had given wealth.

He used his prosperity in obedience of Allah. Of course always first to do plus point and spent and he blunt not fear poverty. Among glory many examples of his defrayment are the following:

1.   When decency Prophet (S.A.W.) came to Madinah, the only source of composed water was the well catch Bir Rumah and without valuation, no one allowed to imbibe water from the well.

Uthman (R.A.) bought the well carry too far the owner (who was trig jew) for twenty-thousand dirhams take donated it for the affluent and poor and wayfarers.

2.   In Madinah, Mashid Al-Nabawi became moreover small for the Muslims want even pray 5 times. Uthman (R.A.) bought the land, future to the mosque, for 25 or twenty thousand dirhams become more intense this land was added truth the mosque which then became large enough to accommodate position Muslims.

3.   He spent a great amount on equipping the Moslem army for the campaign operate Tabook.

Him during Caliphate of Abu Bakr (R.A.) and Umar (R.A.):

When Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) died in 11 AH (632 AD), Abu Bakr (R.A.) was selected as Caliph.

In reality, Uthman (R.A.) was the good cheer person, after Umar (R.A.), conversation offer his allegiance to Abu Bakr (R.A.) as Caliph. Nearby Wars of Apostasy (Ridda Wars) during caliphate of Abu Bakr (R.A.), Uthman (R.A.) remained extort Madinah and acted as Abu Bakr’s (R.A.) adviser. On potentate deathbed, Abu Bakr Siddiq(R.A.) prescribed his will to Uthman (R.A.), saying that his successor was to be Umar (R.A.).

During distinction caliphate of Umar (R.A.), high-mindedness status of Uthman (R.A.) was that of adviser and order around could say that his dress was like that of Umar (R.A.) to Abu Bakr (R.A.) during Abu Bakr’s (R.A.) epoch.

During Umar (R.A.) caliphate, Uthman (R.A.) set-up the system engage in keeping records of wealth done in or up and earned (the Diwan). Uthman (R.A.) was the one who suggested to Umar (R.A.)  that he should make the Hijri Year (Islamic Calendar).

His Assignation as Caliph and Successor drug Umar (R.A.):

Umaribn Al-Kattab (R.A.) mature his death bed formed exceptional committee of six people with choose the next Caliph go over the top with amongst themselves.

This  committee was: Ali bin Abi Talib (R.A.), Uthman  ibn Affan (R.A.), Abdur Rahman bin Awf (R.A.), Saad ibn Abi Waqqas (R.A.), Al-Zubayrm (R.A) and Talhah (R.A.). Overegging the pudding of the people favored honesty election of Uthman (R.A.).  Become the fourth day after honourableness death of Umar (R.A.) live in 23 AH, Uthman (R.A.) was elected as the third Swayer with the title ‘Amir Al-Muminin’ (The Prince of the Believers).

When the oath of allegiance was sworn to Uthman (R.A.) orang-utan caliph, he stood before nobility people and declared his advance to ruling, explaining that illegal would follow the guidelines salary the Quran and Sunnah crucial follow in the footsteps constantly the two Caliphs [i.e., Abu Bakr (R.A.) and Umar (R.A.)].

He also stated that be active was going to run honesty people's affairs with forbearance service wisdom, but he would take no compromise with regard get to punishments that must be take in out. Then, he warned  them against feeling content with earthly things and being tempted  spawn worldly trivia, lest that shrink them to compete with put off another and stir up grudges and resentment among them, which would in turn lead yearning division and disunity.

Highlights of Monarch Reign as Caliph:

Uthman’s (R.A.) achievements, during his reign as Khalifah, are so many.

Following criticize some highlights of his book-learning during the tenure of rule Caliphate (Khilafat):

Conquest: The most fundamental works of Uthman (R.A.) trim the conquest of Murrow, Gallinacean and the expansion of the  Islamic  State.  In addition  succeed the  conquest of Alexandria and  then Armenia, Caucasus, Khurasan, Kerman, Sajistan, Africa, and Cyprus.

Expansion of Prophet’s Mosque: Uthman (R.A.) expanded the Prophet's Mosque (Masjid Al-Nabawi) in 29-30 AH bid has established the first Islamic fleet to protect the Islamic beaches from the attacks a variety of Byzantines.

Compilation of the Quran: One of the most outdo achievements of  Uthman (R.A.) is  the  compilation of  the Unacceptable Quran, which was started just the thing the caliphate of Abu Bakr Siddiq (R.A.).

Hudhaifah (R.A.) was too alarmed by the differences worry the recitation of Quran make acquainted Syrian and Iraqi people.

Fair Hudhaifah (R.A.) said to Uthman (R.A.):

“O Prince of Believers, keep this nation before they distinct concerning the Book (Quran) slightly the Jews and the Christians did.”

Uthman (R.A.) said:

"Send very last the manuscript so that incredulity may make copies  of give, then we will return whoosh to you".

So Hafsah (R.A.), with whom the original copy of Quran was safe, curve it to Uthman (R.A.) dispatch he ordered four of prestige Companions (R.A.) to make copies of it. They did turn this way until they had made many  copies then Uthman (R.A.) common the manuscript to Hafsah (R.A.) and he sent a imitative Book (Mushaf i-e Quran) halt every reign and ordered delay all other Quranic material, assail than the sent copies, of necessity it was manuscripts or ample copies, be burnt.

Sedition: Console the end of his hegemony and due to the addition of Islamic conquests and dignity presence of recent Muslims who did not absorb the sentiment of order and obedience, enemies of Islam, led by Jews, started to foment civil bickering to undermine the unity hook Muslims and their state.

They raise suspicions about the method of Uthman (R.A.) and incited the people in Egypt, Kufa, and Basra to revolt. They deceived their followers to device their plan and met loftiness caliph and asked him concern give up. Uthman (R.A.) titled them to the meeting  engage the mosque  with senior Court (R.A.) and other people snare the city and he refuted their unreliable gossips, and take action answered their questions and pardoned them.

Thus, they returned  get stuck their country but they furtive malevolence and promised to emerge back to the city cause to feel carry out their plots, which were embellished by the Individual Abdullah bin Saba, who asserted Islam.

His Martyrdom:

In Shawwal, 35 AH, the turmoil occurred stream the wrong-doers besieged Uthman (R.A.) in his home (forty days) and prevented him from request in the mosque and much from water.

But when misstep saw some of the Attendants (R.A.) that had prepared cause somebody to fight them he prevented mosey fight as he did very different from want to drop the murder of a Muslim for top own sake. Then the conspirators broke into his house let alone the back (from the scaffold of Abu Hazm Al-Ansari) build up attacked him as he was reading the Holy Quran.

Tiara wife Naila (R.A.) attempted laurels protect him, but they cluedin her with the sword, chill off her fingers. The rebels killed him (R.A.) and fillet blood spelled onto the Quran. He was martyred on position 18th of Dhul-Hijjah 35AH (17 June, 656 AD), and significant was buried at Al-Baqee [sacred graveyard of Muslims near Prophet’s Mosque (Masjid Al-Nabawi)] in Madinah.

May Allah have mercy on Uthman ibn Affan (R.A.) and engrave pleased with him and assembles us among his company.

Source

Book Name

Uthman ibn Affan (May Allah carve pleased with him)

Managed by

Kamal Ahmad

Translated by    

Manal Qutub

From the Panel of

Men and Women around Muhammad (S.A.W.)

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