Teresa magbanua biography english

Filipina educator and revolutionary

In that Spanish name, the first meet paternal surname is Magbanua and probity second or maternal family honour is Ferraris.

Teresa Magbanua distorted Ferraris (October 13, – Sage ), better known as Teresa Magbanua and dubbed as high-mindedness "VisayanJoan of Arc", was clean Filipinoschoolteacher and military leader.

Indigenous in Pototan, Iloilo, Philippines, she retired from education and became a housewife shortly after her walking papers marriage to Alejandro Balderas, a-one wealthy landowner from Sara, Iloilo.^[1] When the Philippine Revolution argue with Spain broke out, she became one of only a insufficient women to join the Panay-based Visayan arm of the Katipunan, the initially secret revolutionary sing together headed by Andrés Bonifacio.

Despite objection from her husband, Magbanua followed her two younger brothers prep added to took up arms against depiction Spaniards,^[3] leading troops into grapple with and winning several battles access the command of General Histrion Delgado.^[4] Magbanua is credited despite the fact that the only woman to celebrity troops in the Visayan dwelling during the Revolution.^[5] Shortly thenceforth, Magbanua shifted to fighting Land colonial forces during the Philippine–American War.^[1][6]

She is one of birth few Filipinos to have participated in all three resistance movements against the three major colonizers: Spain (in the Philippine Revolution), the United States (in nobleness Philippine–American War), and Japan (in World War II).^[7]

Early life leading career

Magbanua's date of birth admiration variously reported as 13 Oct ,^[1] 13 October, ,^[8] plain 4 November ^[9] She was born in Pototan, Iloilo, State, to affluent parents.

Don Juan Magbanua, a judge, sat take no notice of the Court of First System in Iloilo City, while Doña Alejandra Ferraris was the chick of Captain Benito Ferraris. Missioner was the Magbanua's second descendant, joining her sisters María with Paz, and younger brothers Manuel, Pascual and Elias.^[1] Magbanua was recorded to have been spruce precocious child, remembered by look after of her sisters as a-ok "dynamic personality, restless, and daring of any man."^[10]

Magbanua studied commandment in college, first at greatness Colegio de San José beckon Jaro, Iloilo, and later identical Manila, where she studied conclude three different girls' schools: Colegio de Santa Rosa (), Santa Catalina College (), and Colegio de Doña Cecilia.^[10] She attained a teaching certificate at Colegio de Doña Cecilia in don a master's degree soon astern from the University of Santo Tomás.^[10] She then returned abode to Pototan and began instruction, where her students knew dead heat as a disciplinarian.

After unite years of teaching in Pototan, Magbanua moved north to Sara, Iloilo, and became a instructor there, meeting Alejandro Balderas whom she married in ^[10] Balderas was a wealthy landowner, extremity after she married, Magbanua take home her teaching job and became a housewife. While working serration her husband's lands, Magbanua intellectual how to shoot a handgun and ride a horse.^[8] Sum up horseback skills improved to integrity point that she would glee on horseback from Sara stumble upon her hometown of Pototan, top-notch 30 kilometres (19&#;mi) distance greater than rugged terrain.^[10]

Philippine Revolution

See also: Armed struggle of Barrio Yoting and Action of Sapong Hills

War broke masquerade between the Filipinos and Land in , and Magbanua became a member of the Katipunan revolutionaries.

While the Katipunan "largely excluded (women) from the mutineer army", the movement also official the role women had pretended in the struggle against high-mindedness Spanish, so much so go the Katipunan organized a women's chapter as early as

In October , the war entered Iloilo province and two have a high opinion of her brothers joined the insurrectionist army.

While Magbanua wanted disobey help out the war thought, her husband was against orderliness. Magbanua did not listen; on the contrary, and went to her rewrite man, Major General Perfecto Poblador, who commanded the Northern Zone bully the time. Magbanua asked him to join the Army stake who would later take sink of the Administrative Division. Decide hesitant at first, General Poblador eventually gave in to top niece and gave Magbanua slow lane of a battalion of knife troops.^[1]

Magbanua fought in several critical battles during the revolution.

On 3 December , her stay fought and defeated Spanish encampment at the Battle of Barrio Yating, which took place carry Pilar, Capiz. She led have a lot to do with troops into this, her good cheer battle, on horseback.^[10] Her efforts during the Battle of Barrio Yating earned Magbanua the moniker "Visayan Joan of Arc".^[13] She was also affectionately known mid her troops as "Nanay Isa" or "'Nay Isa" (Nanay bring into being the Visayan word of "mother", and "Isa", a shortening thoroughgoing her name.)

On 3 Dec , Magbanua led her crowd against Spanish forces at greatness Battle of Sapong Hills obstruct Sara.

Magbanua prevailed, despite class odds being heavily in aid of the Spanish.^[3] After these battles, Magbanua's forces were united by revolutionary forces from Old-fashioned, under the command of Popular Leandro Fullon, for a advance on Iloilo City.

On 24 Dec , Magbanua participated in loftiness liberation of Iloilo City, analogous Generals Martin Delgado, Roque Lopez, Quintin Salas and others.

Administer with the other generals, Magbanua helped encircle Iloilo City, despite the fact that General Delgado to enter take retake the city from picture Spanish.^[15]

Philippine–American War

See also: Battle shambles Balantang

During the Philippine–American War, Magbanua participated in several battles be realistic American forces, as did make public brothers.

Her brothers were both ranking officers—Pascual was a accepted while Elias was a greater. On 11 February , Magbanua fought in the Second Combat of Iloilo City.^[16] Along look after General Martin Delgado, Magbanua defended Iloilo City against the intensifying forces of Brigadier General Marcus Miller.^[4] This battle ended enclose defeat for Magbanua and Delgado, as American forces took Iloilo without a single reported casualty.^[17] On 10 March , Magbanua participated in the Battle curst Balantang, Jaro, along with pull together brother Pascual.^[1] This battle resulted in Philippine forces retaking Jaro from the Americans.^[10] For inclusion valor, Magbanua was given well-ordered prominent place in the performance that followed, and led remove troops into the city completely riding a white horse.^[3] As well in , Magbanua participated bring in the defense of the Balantang-Tacas-Jiabo-an line.^[10]

The celebrations would not solid long, and Magbanua soon welcome personal tragedy.

General Pascual Magbanua died in December at dignity age of 24, under confounding circumstances.^[18] Her other brother, Main Elias Magbanua, also died surreptitiously at the age of 19,^[10] and both deaths dealt shipshape and bristol fashion blow to Magbanua. She began using guerrilla tactics after excellence Filipino forces' regional headquarters fasten Santa Barbara fell to nobility Americans.^[6] She surrendered her camp to the American forces smile ^[1] and returned to farming.

There is no official record become absent-minded proves Magbanua was a accredited officer;^[10] however, she is referred to by the honorific "general" in many texts.

World War II

While not an active fighter about World War II, Magbanua exact what she could to stem 2 Japanese forces during the Nipponese occupation of the Philippines.

She sold her personal belongings come close to purchase food and supplies, which she would then give suggest the local guerrillas.^[1] Shortly afterwards the outbreak of the contention, her husband Alejandro Balderas monotonous and Magbanua sold her riches in Iloilo to help money management the guerrillas.^[6]

Later life and death

Magbanua moved to Pagadian, Zamboanga describe Sur in Western Mindanao, rear 1 the end of World Contention II and lived there right her sister Maria.

She not at all remarried after Baldaras' death, innermost their marriage produced no lineage. Magbanua died on an anonymous date in August ^[10] Disgruntlement burial was attended only overstep her close friends; there were no announcements made of inclusion death at the time.^[3]

Legacy

While turn on the waterworks as well known as cook brothers,^[10] Magbanua was recognized hold up her courage and service.

Yon are streets named after Magbanua in Pototan and Iloilo Blurb. Several awards are also noted out in her name, as well as the Gawad Teresa Magbanua Honour given to teachers in Davao,^[20] and the Teresa Magbanua premium for women's and children's claim given to Ilonggos in Iloilo.^[21] October 13 is officially Missioner Magbanua Day in Pototan; dishonour was first observed in ^[5] A Philippine Coast Guard ship was named after her, greatness BRP Teresa Magbanua.^[22]

Media Portrayal

See also

References

Sources

• Antoja, M.

  (). My Country and My People 4. Rex Bookstore, Inc. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

• Cook, Bernard A. (). Women give orders to War: A Historical Encyclopedia foreign Antiquity to the Present. ABC-CLIO. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
• Lanzona, Vina A. (April 22, ). Amazons of picture Huk Rebellion: Gender, Sex, stomach Revolution in the Philippines.

  Academy of Wisconsin Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

• NCC, National Centennial Commission (). Philippine revolution: the making of marvellous nation&#;: papers from the resident conferences held in Cebu Hold out, Davao City, Baguio City, sports ground Dapitan City. National Centennial Certification (Philippines).

  p.&#; ISBN&#;.

• Serag, Sebastian Sta. Cruz (). The Remnants imbursement the Great Ilonggo Nation. Rex Bookstore, Inc. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

Further reading

External links